🧠Introduction
Here you can find the documentation for the project "Cognitive Bias Ontology," an ontology for cognitive biases developed for the Knowledge Representation and Knowledge Extraction course at the University of Bologna.
Working group: Irem Atmar, Rana Coskun, Francesco Alaimo, and Evgeniia Vdovichenko.
Goal of the project
The aim of this project is to develop an ontology to model biases listed in the Cognitive Biases Codex. This involves creating an ontology for every bias to describe these cognitive phenomena and express relations between biases if they have them.
Our group will focus on a specific part of this codex containing 18 biases from the sub-clusters “We notice things already primed in memory or repeated often” and “We edit and reinforce some memories after the fact”.
What are cognitive biases?
Cognitive bias, systematic errors in the way individuals reason about the world due to subjective perception of reality. Cognitive biases are predictable patterns of error in how the human brain functions and therefore are widespread. Because cognitive biases affect how people understand and even perceive reality, they are difficult for individuals to avoid and in fact can lead different individuals to subjectively different interpretations of objective facts.
A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment.[1] Individuals create their own "subjective reality" from their perception of the input. An individual's construction of reality, not the objective input, may dictate their behavior in the world. Thus, cognitive biases may sometimes lead to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, and irrationality.[2][3][4]
What is the Cognitive Bias Codex?
Created by John Manoogian III and Buster Benson, this document serves as a valuable tool for visually representing all known cognitive biases. The biases are arranged in a circle, divided into four clusters, each representing a specific group of cognitive biases:
What should we remember? - Biases that affect our memory of people, events, and information.
Too much information - Biases that influence how we perceive certain events and individuals.
Not enough meaning - Biases that arise when we have insufficient information and need to fill in the gaps.
Need to act fast - Biases that impact our decision-making processes.
We studied and modeled 18 biases from the two groups trying to describe how they work, what they are and how they are connected between each other.
Cluster "Too much information"
Sub-cluster: We notice things already primed in memory or repeated often
Cluster "What should we remember?"
Sub-cluster: We edit and reinforce some memories after the fact
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